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ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ

09.10.1940 - ื’'ื•ืŸ ืœื ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืจืคื•ืœ

ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ: 31 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืณ 2022

ื’'ื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืกื˜ื•ืŸ ืœื ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘9.10.1940 ืœื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ื•ืืœืคืจื“ ืœื ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ Hope ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืจืคื•ืœ.

ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ืงืจืื” ืœื• ื’'ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ืกื‘ื• ืžืฆื“ ืื‘ื™ื•, ื•-ื•ื•ื™ื ืกื˜ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื•ื•ื™ื ืกื˜ื•ืŸ ืฆ'ืจืฆ'ื™ืœ. ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืŸ, ืืœืคืจื“, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืจืคื•ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” - ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืฆื™ ื”ืกื•ื—ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื ืขื“ืจ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช.

ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืฉืืœื• ืืช ื“ื•ื“ืชื• ืžื™ืžื™, ืืฆืœื” ื’'ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ืœ, ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื• ื ื•ืœื“, ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืฆืฆื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™, ื•ืฉืืช ื’'ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื™ื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืคื’ืข. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื’'ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืคืกืงื” ืžื”ื”ืคืฆืฆื•ืช. ืžื™ืžื™ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืกื™ืคืจื” ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฅ ืฉืœื” ื›ื“ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื™ืช ืขืœ ื’'ื•ืŸ. ืžื” ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืืคืคื” ืืช ืœื™ื‘ืจืคื•ืœ ื‘1940, ื•ืžื™ืžื™ ืื›ืŸ ืจืฆื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืจื™ืกื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ื•ืช.

ื‘-1944, ื›ืฉื’'ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ 4, ื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ืฆ'ืงื™ื ืžืืœืคืจื“, ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ืฆื™ ื”ืกื•ื—ืจ. ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื›ืจื– ื›ื ืขื“ืจ ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืขื“ืจื•ืชื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ื—ืฉื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืช. ืืœืคืจื“ ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœืžืขืฆืจ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืงืฉืจ, ืืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื•ื›ื—.

ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืืœืคืจื“ ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืืš ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืืœื™ื• ื ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืจื•ืžืŸ ืขื ื’ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืื—ื•ืชื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื™ืžื™, ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืŸ. ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืžืžื ื” ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืœืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ืฉืขืชื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืœื“, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ื•ื’'ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื’ื•ืจ ืขื ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” (ืื™ืชื• ืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืฉื•ืื” ืœืืœืคืจื“), ืžื™ืžื™ ืคื ืชื” ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื’'ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ืืฆืœื” ื•ืืฆืœ ื‘ืขืœื” ื’'ื•ืจื’'.


ื‘-1946 ืืœืคืจื“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื’'ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืชื• ืœื ื™ื• ื–ื™ืœื ื“. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื’'ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืจืคื•ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืื”ื‘ืชื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืœื™ื”, ื’'ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืžื• ื ื˜ืฉื” ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉืžื™ืžื™ ืืฃ ืฉื™ืงืจื” ืœื• ื•ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืฉื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ืžืชื”. ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ื•, ื’'ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆืจ ืงืฉืจ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขื ืืžื•. ื”ื™ื ืžื™ ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื•ืœื™ืžื“ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื’'ื• - ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืžื“ ืœื ื’ืŸ.


ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ื ื”ืจื’ื” ื‘ืชืื•ื ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘-1958, ื›ืฉื’'ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ 18. ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืคื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื™ืจื‘ ืื•ืชื• ืžืื•ื“ ืœืคื•ืœ ืžืงืจื˜ื ื™, ืฉืืžื• ืžืชื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืคื•ืœ ื’'ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ืœื”ืงื” "ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื”", ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื• ื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ืœืก, ื•ื”ืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.




48 ืฆืคื™ื•ืช
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